| Characterization of the nutrient situation by the Austrian Bioindicator-Grid |  |
- N deficiency was predominant, P deficiency was found to a less degree.
- K, Ca and Mg deficiency are negligible.
- Based on the nitrogen content of the needles it could be demonstrated that the development of the supply during three periods varied in the growth areas. The supply was poor especially in growth area 6 (Südliche Randalpen) in the periods 1985-1990 and 1991-1996, respectively.
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